One very interesting take on this problem has been advanced recently by the Yale historian Alan Mikhail, in his new biography of Selim I, in whose short, early 16th century, reign the Ottomans became, in his opinion, a global power. This concept may seem counter-intuitive, given the Empire’s geographical location in the middle of the…

Historians agree on this general narrative (For example, see: Harris’ The End of Byzantium, see page 8; Necipoğlu’s Byzantium Between the Ottomans and the Latins, see page 129; Norwich’s A Short History of Byzantium, see page 356): It should be noted here, that our source for this narrative is usually Laonikos Chalkokondyles, a Byzantine historian,…

The Ottoman legal system did afford protections to enslaved peoples, but it is certainly murky as to how strictly this was followed. We may argue that these rights only extended so far as a master allowed them. Under these rights, a slave could bring his or her master to court and make the case that…

IntroductionSlavery in the Ottoman Empire is an incredibly complex subject that both heavily overlaps and diverges from our notions of slavery in the Americas. While the rhetoric of this historical inquiry often argues that slavery in the Ottoman Empire was more “mild” than the Americas, this line of reasoning does little justice to the countless…

Estimates for the Size of the Ottoman Fleet Before the Battle of LepantoThe size of the Ottoman fleet directly before the Battle of Lepanto varies significantly depending upon what source you are looking at. Most authors only give a rough estimate recorded by the Holy League from various sources. In Malcolm’s Agents of Empire :…

ContextThe sultanate had definitely begun to struggle economically by the beginning of the sixteenth century. Following the Ottoman-Mamluk War of 1485–1491, the Mamluk army mutinied, looted their own city of Damascus, and demanded additional pay once in Cairo (Har-El’s Struggle for Domination in the Middle East, see page 192). The sultan, al-Ghawri, was unable to…

Dijana Pinjuh tackles in their relatively recent Conversions to Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Connections between Converts and their Christian families, from the Ottoman Conquest to the End of the Seventeenth Century. Other ideas and other academics are Ines Asčerić-Todd (see Dervishes and Islam in Bosnia: Sufi Dimensions to the Formation of Bosnian…

List of Relevant Works This was considered a general introduction to Galenic medicine (See edition by Palmieri (1989)). On Sects for Beginners, however, was the eisagogē par excellence. The introduction of the commentary on On Sects for Beginners is a general introduction to the work of Galen. Temkin (1932) was the first who cast light…

Although only a small proportion of these texts survive today in the original Greek, others are accessible through Arabic translations. See the new study by Overwien (2018). There are also surviving commentaries in Latin, most probably produced by scholars based in sixth-century Ravenna; see Palmieri (2001). Second, this period also saw the production of medical…

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