https://brill.com/view/journals/vc/71/1/article-p1_1.xml
There is no credible evidence that Marcion was a docetist. Marcion’s alleged belief that Christ was a phantasm is found in accusations made by Tertullian, but these accusations are a form of reductio ad absurdum and not firsthand information on Marcion’s Christology. There are in fact remnants of data in Tertullian’s Adversus Marcionem, which point to Marcion’s teaching about the material flesh of Christ, a flesh that suffers and dies on the cross. Tertullian dismisses these artifacts as proof that Marcion was foolishly inconsistent: he taught docetism, but still accepted Christ’s suffering and death. Scholars should no longer accept Tertullian’s caricature uncritically, especially in light of the overwhelming amount of other second and third century sources that are unanimously silent about any docetic thinking in Marcion. Moreover, much of the confusion in modern scholarship is shown to derive from Adolf von Harnack’s equivocating explanations about Marcion’s alleged docetism.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290531808_Marcion_and_the_making_of_a_heretic_God_and_scripture_in_the_second_century
A comprehensive and authoritative account of the ‘heretic’ Marcion, this volume traces the development of the concept and language of heresy in the setting of an exploration of second-century Christian intellectual debate. Judith M. Lieu analyses accounts of Marcion by the major early Christian polemicists who shaped the idea of heresy, including Justin Martyr, Irenaeus, Tertullian, Epiphanius of Salamis, Clement of Alexandria, Origen, and Ephraem Syrus. She examines Marcion’s ‘Gospel’, ‘Apostolikon’, and ‘Antitheses’ in detail and compares his principles with those of contemporary Christian and non-Christian thinkers, covering a wide range of controversial issues: the nature of God, the relation of the divine to creation, the person of Jesus, the interpretation of Scripture, the nature of salvation, and the appropriate lifestyle of adherents. In this innovative study, Marcion emerges as a distinctive, creative figure who addressed widespread concerns within second-century Christian diversity.
https://brill.com/view/journals/gnos/8/2/article-p210_4.xml
The present article reconstructs the evolution of the Manichaean exegesis of Genesis 1:26 based on the texts that circulated within the Roman Empire. Mani’s Epistula Fundamenti, Adimantus’ Disputationes, Kephalaia of the Teacher, Faustus’ Capitula 24, as well as polemical works of Christian authors provide ample evidence of the Manichaean use and interpretation of the biblical narrative. Two complementary exegetical traditions can be distinguished: the first one, going back to Mani himself, introduces vetero-testamentary elements in the Manichaean doctrine without directly referencing or criticizing the Jewish Scriptures, while the second tradition that directly engages in the exegesis of the Jewish Scriptures text emerged through polemics with Christians and is likely to originate from Adimantus. The study illustrates a dual role of the Book of Genesis in Manichaeism: as one of the sources of the Manichaean mythology and as a central point of contention in Christian-Manichaean polemics.
https://academic.oup.com/book/39211/chapter-abstract/338714528?redirectedFrom=fulltext
This brief introduction to Marcion of Pontus includes his life, education, scriptures, teachings, disciples, and the ancient sources helpful for understanding him. Marcion distinguished the Jewish creator from the good and true deity revealed in and through Jesus Christ. His conception of an evil creator—that good character cannot come from evil actions—was not supported by the majority of Roman presbyters. Marcion thus organized his own ecclesial movement in Rome, where he began an ambitious mission to establish his form of Christianity in other parts of the empire. His church movement lasted several centuries, notably in the eastern Mediterranean. Marcion did not so much separate the Law (“Old Testament”) and the gospel (“New Testament”) as distinguish between two superhuman entities, with two opposing characters, competing for the hearts and minds of human beings.
https://rbecs.org/2017/03/01/the-challenge-of-marcion/
Biblical and Early Christian Studies