Did Paul author the Pastorals? (Margaret Y. Macdonald)

The other deutero-Pauline epistles are usually evaluated under the label of pseudepigraphy, implying a context after the death of Paul, which in the case of the Pastorals might have been as late as mid-second century, based on a possible attack on the controversial early church figure Marcion in 1 Tim 6: 20 (see Collins 2011: 155–75). In fact, the Pastorals are sometimes viewed as ‘doubly pseudonymous’ in that both the sender and the recipients are fictitious (Klauck 2006: 324).